Family Dynamics - 2926 Words

I. Introduction Families in the 21st century are both similar to and different from families in the past. When exploring family relationships and dynamics. It is important to understand the ways that families work, how they relate to each other and how they function in society in terms of child rearing. The family still remains the central until to raising children in society today. But there have ways that technology affects the family dynamics. What is Family dynamics? Family dynamics refers to the ways in which family members relate to one another. Because humans are capable of change, and family members take part in different experiences, the dynamics within a family never remain the same. People often look at family dynamics in the†¦show more content†¦First, there is the social stigma attached to have a child at such an early age. Without the support of your family and friends, the new parents will most likely not get the financial and emotional support they need to bring a child into the world. As a result, teen parents have difficulty going to college and finding satisfying careers. On this page, will explore all aspects of this difficult situation. †¢ Stepfamilies In past generations, stepfamilies were uncommon and most people did not know how to relate to them. Now, as the stigmas against divorce and remarriage continue to dissolve, more and more stepfamilies are coming together. While its never easy to merge two families together, stepfamilies can be an opportunity to forge new, lasting, loving bonds. On this page, we will offer some advice for relating to your new family, and for smoothing out the potential conflicts that will inevitably arise. We will also discuss the subject having children once youve remarried into a stepfamily. No one said it would be simple and easy. †¢ Adoption Adopting a baby can be very difficult. There are long -- and sometimes embarrassing --probes into your life and home to judge your potential ability as a parent. There are also many different types of adoption to consider. You can adopt through an agency, chose private adoption, foreign adoptions, open adoptions, or independent adoptions. Dont worry -- wellShow MoreRelatedFamily Dynamics Of Hispanic Families976 Words   |  4 PagesFamily Expectations Familismo. Latino parents expect their children to prioritize family needs over individual needs. Understanding the values within the Latino family is crucial to analyzing family influences on education. Furthermore, understanding Latino cultural values and analyzing how these values either are or aren’t replicated in the high school setting is crucial to understanding the success of the first†generation Latinain and out of high school. Cultural values which define the familyRead MoreFamily Dynamics And Family Structure1441 Words   |  6 Pagesthe question, how does this matter. When studying these families, however, you undertake that this society blossoms when it is able to maintain social stability and social integration. Social stability however is valued over changes in time, not just immediately. This topic of family dynamics and family structure seems to be of great importance to you, and to be honest, quite important to me as well. To understand your views on the ideal family form, two assumptions must be made. First, agriculturalRead MoreFamily Dynamics And Family Therapy Essay1427 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Families of Origin have significant impacts on how individuals view their future relationships. This is especially apparent when problems arise among couples. The ways that parents teach their children how to approach the different roles in intimate relationships can replay itself repeatedly. 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According to Jojic, Raj, Wilkins, Treadwell, Caussade-Rodriguez, Blum (2012), â€Å"Traditional family roles have changed, and the conception of what Americans consider a ‘ family ’ has likewise shifted with differing societal views regarding gender, gender roles, race, and ethnicity† (p. 128). To accompany the changes being made to the customary viewRead MoreFamily Dynamics in The Metamorphosis Essay743 Words   |  3 Pagesof family life? The definition of family dynamics refers to the way members of the family interact with each other in relation to the group as a whole. A lot of influences affect the dynamics between family members such as traditions, communication styles, behavioral patterns and emotional interdependence. 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It is forged and developed through love and a special bond that can only be understood by them. It begins before a child is even born, and continues through their life. Communication is how we make our thoughts, feelings, needs, and thoughts knownRead MoreMy Family Is Not The Typical Caucasian Family Dynamic1049 Words   |  5 PagesAs with any family, ours is not the typical Caucasian family dynamic. We began with my husband as the traditional breadwinner while I was finishing my college education. It was planned that we both would be working in careers before we discovered I was pregnancy with our first son. Three months later my spouse would suffer a great tragedy and was no longer able to walk, much less work. I would have to take on the role of not only breadwinner, but also caregiver and mother within the next yearRead MorePersonal Statement : Family Dynamics1 510 Words   |  7 Pagesideas from personal experiences and how they were raised by their parents. Famous writer and professor, Alice McDermott shares that â€Å"Family dynamics are true over time, across generations and different cultures.† From this, we can gather that our sense of what is right and what is wrong does not just solely come from our parents, but from generations in our families. I believe that an individual’s Moral Absolute will be quite similar to their parents. In my case, I formulate my moral absolute’s from

Prom Nights from Hell Chapter Eight Free Essays

â€Å"You’re crazy,† Sibby said as they walked in. Her eyes were pancake-size. â€Å"You said this would suck. We will write a custom essay sample on Prom Nights from Hell Chapter Eight or any similar topic only for you Order Now This doesn’t suck. This is fantastic.† Miranda shuddered. They’d snuck into the Grand Hall of the Santa Barbara Historical Society by an emergency exit that had been propped open so prom attendees could slip out to get stoned, and glancing around, Miranda could see how getting stoned would be super-appealing. The walls of the room had been covered in blue satin with white stars embroidered on it, the four big columns in the middle were draped in red and white ribbons, the tables off to the side were covered in American flag-print cloths with fishbowl centerpieces in which the fish had been somehow dyed red and blue, and around the edges major American landmarks such as Mount Rushmore, the White House, the Statue of Liberty, the Liberty Bell, and the Old Faithful geyser had been reconstructed-out of sugar cubes. Courtesy of Ariel West’s father. Ariel had announced the previous day at assembly that after the prom all the decorations would be donated to â€Å"the poor hungry people of Santa Barbara who need su gar.† Miranda didn’t know if it was that, the balloons on rubber cords hanging from the ceiling that bounced lazily up and down as people passed under them, or foreboding, but she had a distinct queasy feeling. Sibby was in heaven. â€Å"Remember-most of the guys here came with dates, so try to be subtle with the Kissing Bandit stuff,† Miranda said. â€Å"Yeah, fine.† â€Å"And if you hear me call to you, you come.† â€Å"Do I look like a dog to you?† Miranda gave her a sharp glance. Sibby said, â€Å"Fine, okay, Funkiller.† â€Å"And if you feel like anything weird is going on at all, you-â€Å" † – let you know. I’ve got it. Now you go and have some fun yourself. Oh, right, you probably don’t know how. Well, when in doubt, ask yourself, ‘What Would Sibby Do? â€Å" â€Å"Can I unsubscribe from that list, please?† Sibby was too busy scanning the room to respond. â€Å"Whoa, who’s that hot dinner in the corner over there?† she asked. â€Å"The guy in the glasses?† Miranda looked around for a hot dinner but all she saw was Phil Emory. â€Å"His name is Phillip.† â€Å"Helllllo, Phillip,† Sibby said, plotting a direct course for him. Miranda stashed her skate bag underneath a table and stayed close to the wall, between the White House and Old Faithful, partially to keep Sibby in view and partially to avoid being noticed by any faculty members. She’d changed in the employee bathroom from her work suit into the only other thing she had with her, but although it was red, white, and blue, she didn’t think that her Roller Derby uniform was really appropriate prom attire. There were two uniforms in her skate bag, a home uniform-white satin halter top and bottom with blue cape and red, white, and blue stripes on the skirt (if you could call something that was five inches long and required attached panties to be worn under it a skirt)-and an away uniform: the same thing, only in blue. She’d decided white was more formal, but she was pretty sure that wearing it with her black work flats was not helping the look. She’d been standing there for a while, wondering how everyone but her was completely capable of being on a dance floor without debilitating anyone, when she heard a pair of heartbeats she recognized and saw Kenzi and Beth sliding through the crowd toward her. â€Å"You came!† Kenzi said, giving her a big hug. One of the things Miranda loved about Kenzi was that she acted like she was on Ecstasy even when she wasn’t, telling people that she loved them, hugging them, never embarrassed about it. â€Å"I’m so glad you’re here. It didn’t feel right without you. So, are you ready to unshackle yourself from the insecurities of your youth? Ready to own your future?† Kenzi and Beth were dressed to own anything, Miranda thought. Kenzi was wearing a skin-tight blue backless dress and had gotten a black panther with a blue sapphire eye painted on her back. Beth was in a red satin minidress and had a gold snake bracelet with two ruby eyes wrapped around her upper arm (or at least Miranda assumed they were rubies since Beth’s parents were two of the biggest movie stars in Bollywood). On them, adulthood looked like a totally cool and exciting party with an excellent DJ that you could only get into if you were on the VIP list. Miranda glanced at her skating uniform. â€Å"I guess I should have known that when the time came to own my future I’d be dressed like a member of the Ice Capades B-squad.† â€Å"No way, you look fantastic,† Beth said, and Miranda would have assumed she was being sarcastic except that Beth was one of those people who was born without sarcasm. â€Å"Truly,† Kenzi confirmed. â€Å"You’re deep in H2T territory.† H2T stood for Hot to Trot. â€Å"I see great things for your adulthood.† â€Å"And I see a visit to the eye doctor for you,† Miranda prophesied. In the distance Miranda saw Sibby pull Phillip Emory onto the dance floor. Miranda turned back to Kenzi. â€Å"Do you think I’m a fun person? Am I a Grandma Grim? A funkiller?† â€Å"Grandma Grim? Funkiller?† Kenzi repeated. â€Å"What are you talking about? Did you hit your head at derby practice again?† â€Å"No, I’m serious. Am I fun?† â€Å"Yes,† Kenzi said solemnly. â€Å"Yes,† Beth agreed. â€Å"Except when you get all MLAS,† Kenzi modified. â€Å"And when you have your period. And around your birthday. Oh, there was that one time-â€Å" â€Å"Forget it.† Miranda’s eyes drifted to Sibby, who now appeared to be leading a conga line. â€Å"I’m kidding,† Kenzi said, turning Miranda’s face from the dance floor to hers. â€Å"Yes, I think you are really fun. I mean, who else would dress up as Magnum P.I. for Halloween?† â€Å"Or think of entertaining the kids on the cancer ward by reenacting Dawson’s Creek with Precious Moments figurines?† Beth added. Kenzi nodded. â€Å"That’s right. Even children battling cancer think you’re fun. And they’re not the only ones.† Something about Kenzi’s tone when she said the last part made Miranda worried. â€Å"What did you do?† â€Å"She was brilliant,† Beth said. Now Miranda was even more scared. â€Å"Tell me.† â€Å"It was nothing, just some research,† Kenzi said. â€Å"What kind of research?† For the first time Miranda noticed that there was writing up the length of Kenzi’s arm. Kenzi said, â€Å"About Will and Ariel. They’re totally not going out.† â€Å"You asked him?† â€Å"It’s called an interview,† Kenzi said. â€Å"No. Oh no. Tell me you’re kidding.† Sometimes having a roommate who wanted to be a journalist was dangerous. â€Å"Relax, he didn’t suspect a thing. I made it seem like I was making small talk,† Kenzi said. â€Å"She was great,† Beth confirmed. Miranda started wishing for trapdoors again. â€Å"Anyway, I asked him why he thought Ariel asked him to the prom and he said†-here Kenzi consulted her arm-â€Å"‘To make someone else jealous. So of course I asked who and he went, ‘Anyone. That’s what Ariel thrives on, other people’s jealousy. Isn’t that perceptive? Especially for a guy?† â€Å"He’s smart,† Beth put in. â€Å"And nice.† Miranda nodded absently, looking for Sibby on the dance floor. At first she didn’t see her but then she spotted her in a dark corner with Phillip. Talking, not kissing. For some reason that made her smile. â€Å"Look, we made her happy!† Kenzi said, and she sounded so genuinely pleased that Miranda didn’t want to tell her the truth. â€Å"Thanks for finding all that out,† Miranda said. â€Å"It’s-â€Å" â€Å"You haven’t even heard the best part,† Kenzi said. â€Å"I asked why he agreed to go to prom with Ariel if they’re not a couple and he said†-glancing at her arm-â€Å"‘Because no one made me a better offer. â€Å" Beth reminded her, â€Å"With that cute smile.† â€Å"Right, with cute smile. And he looked directly at me when he said it and he was so clearly talking about you!† â€Å"Clearly.† Miranda loved her friends even if they were delusional. â€Å"Stop gazing at me like I’ve been one-stop shopping at the Lobotomy Store, Miranda,† Kenzi said. â€Å"I’m completely right. He likes you and he’s not taken. Stop thinking and grab him. Go live ITM.† â€Å"ITM?† â€Å"In the Mo,† Beth elaborated. Miranda gaped. â€Å"No. Way.† â€Å"What?† Kenzi asked. â€Å"Nothing.† Miranda shook her head. â€Å"Even if he’s single, what makes you think Will wants to go out with me?† Kenzi squinted at her. â€Å"Um, breezing past all the sappy stuff about how you’re nice and smart I have to say because I’m your best friend, have you looked in the mirror recently?† â€Å"Ha-ha. Trust me-â€Å" â€Å"Bye!† Beth said, interrupting her and dragging Kenzi away. â€Å"See you later!† â€Å"Don’t forget! ITM!† Kenzi added over her shoulder. â€Å"Drink a can of man!† â€Å"Where are you-† Miranda started to say, then heard a heartbeat close behind her and swung around. Nearly banging her shoulder against Will’s chest. How to cite Prom Nights from Hell Chapter Eight, Essay examples

Temple and Webster Application The Artisans

Question: Describe about the Temple and Webster Application for The Artisans. Answer: Introduction Temple and Website are named after the two artisans, William Temple and John Webster, who were commissioned by the Governor Lachlan Macquarie in 1820, to make furniture. The two are remembered for their teamwork, craftsmanship, and resourcefulness. This report on the e-business website Temple Webster discusses in detail the operation of the company describing its website, journals, blogs, the kind of product it houses and the ways it handles customer interaction. Ease of e-commerce website is detailed by mentioning its magazine-like interface, attractive contents, and extensive product range. The company handles its customer service via Desk.com and its various customer operations, and services are detailed. The companys marketing strategy is detailed which mentions the use of social media and advertisements in digital and physical format. In the supply chain strategy, the company speaks about its balanced approach in the Australian market. In the security strategies, the company states the different ways it handles customer data and privacy in a transparent manner. The concluding part IT Section tells about the various components of the services framework. Recommendations are made accordingly. Description of the company's operation Temple Webster is Australias biggest online-only furniture retailer. The company houses furniture and homewares from boutique brands and upcoming designers to big brands. The site has a search function which lets visitors search for the product of their choice. Currently, the company operates and delivers orders within Australia only. Besides selling products, the company also hosts its own journal and blog, which provides tips, tricks, how-tos, interviews and more on styling ideas and decoration. The company keeps in touch with their customers via social media such as Instagram, Facebook and Pinterest (Templeandwebster.com.au 2016). Ease of use of the ecommerce site For furniture customers usually prefer brick-and-mortar shops for their purchase. Temple and Webster however, went fully online and designed their website in a magazine-like content and styling, with a wide product range while offering low prices compared to its other competitors. The new website has been substantially revamped, and the changes will be noticed for both existing and new users. Users can now browse through more than 130,000 products which include sporting equipment, tableware and kitchen, living room furniture, rugs to bed lines, children's toys to furniture, cushions, and art (Templeandwebster.com.au 2016). Products can now be filtered by color, size, price and more. Their product shipping has got a lot faster with the product being supplied by the supplier within 48 hours and many items including rugs are shipped free within Australia. Limited offers and huge discounts are offered every day throughout the site, and will have red Sale tags in them. To make shopping ea sier, now the user can Shop according to their Style of preference like a luxe, industrial, classic and coastal, or Shop by Room. New additions also include favorites function to make personalized mood boards for sharing, or wishlist to share ideas about gifts with friends and family (Templeandwebster.com.au 2016). E-business applications currently used To handle customer support and service, the company has managed to use Desk.com to manage the volume of customer inquiries via Facebook and email. It would not have been an easy task for the company as the support team receives around 5000 email each week. With the help of Desk.com, valuable reports and insights are produced, full customer preferences and histories are captured, and every inquiry is addressed (Temple Webster 2016). Desk.com is structured in such a way that that the appropriate queries from email and Facebook are forwarded to respective team members by applying filters. Temple and Websters business also started to grow by utilizing the data captured by Desk.com to access valuable and detailed information on the performance of the suppliers, which are forwarded to the technology, merchandising and buying teams. Customer experience, therefore, is greatly enhanced by making use of the valuable insights. Temple and Webster making use of Desk.com can provide superior cust omer service of highest standards. The head of Customer Care, Cindy Dent makes sure that the team behind it responds to inquiries from clients in a reassuring, consistent and efficient way as possible (Salesforce.com 2016). E-commerce marketing strategies To accelerate sales growth in Temple Webster, the company ramped up its cost-cutting efforts while accelerating sales growth by launching its own online store for limited offers. To meet its higher than expectation sales forecasts, the company spent much on marketing, including posts in social media, direct email, Google Ads, to TV and outdoor advertisements. More people visit the website of Temple and Webster than all five IKEA stores in Australia combined. The reason behind it is a mix of offline and online channels for their advertising marketing activities. The company believes that advertising offline helps to create a bond and creates a sense of tangible feeling in the mind of consumers (CommBank Blog 2016). E-commerce supply chain strategy Mitchell (2016) opined that, the companys co-founder Coulter thinks that the firm has spent a lot of money and therefore, the company needs to follow a balanced approach by break even with existing cash and high revenue growth. Products are now shipped within 48 hours and there are many products like rugs, which are delivered without any additional shipping cost within Australia. Standard delivery costs vary from product to product and also depend on the shipping location. Flexibility of delivering products to workplace address is also available. Products can be tracked by a tracking number provided by them. Their products are shipped from multiple warehouses around Australia, which means products often are shipped individually if many items are ordered at once. In order to keep their product prices low, and selections large, they do not maintain a brick-and-mortar store (Mitchell 2016). E-commerce security strategies Villa-Real (2014) explained that, Temple and Webster maintains the guidebook of security instructions when it comes to functioning of the site and maintaining privacy of customer data. The first step is implementing 128 Bit SSL encryption, as customers look for assurances that the payment merchant they are using is trustworthy. SSL or Secured Socket Layer provides an encrypted and secure connection between the site and the visitors. One of the easier ways to detect if the website uses SSL is to notice if the URL of the website starts with https://. The company also uses multifactor authentication, in case the customer account gets hacked or is not accessible. Multifactor Authentication also known as 2 Factor Authentication enables the customer to login to their account by multiple ways. For instance, if the customer forgets the account password, the person can request the password or to issue a new one, which when requested on the website will be sent to the customers registered emai l (Templeandwebster.com.au 2016). The companys website clearly mentions the data it collects from its users and explicitly states that the client can request the data the company holds. The company also goes on to say that it is in compliance with National Privacy Principles and that it shares customer information with their suppliers, logistics partners, billing partners, Federal or State police authorities, and related corporate bodies (Digicert.com 2016). IT architecture Jeston and Nelis (2014) stated that, the current revamped website of Temple and Webster is more responsive, fast and easier to navigate. The site has been designed to be used in desktop computer, tablets and smartphones with variable screen sizes. For smooth operation the IT architecture has been divided into different models. The logistics services model performs maintenance requirements and functions of the applications and the high-level application among them. The layered application model consists of seven components of the services framework. They are Resource Manager, Translator, Transaction router, Application service provider, Formatter, Application service proxy, and Client (Palopoli, Rosaci and Sarne 2013). Recommendations Flash Sale More and more e-commerce sites are opting for flash sales which are timed sales with massive discounts. They are usually limited in number, and this method has often proved to be the most useful in identifying the demand for a new product without wasting inventory, as they are limited in number. Focus on App and App-only exclusives By developing an app for the website, the company will be able to reach out to even more customers who have a smartphone, and giving app-only exclusives like referrals for discounts, or sign-up bonus not only encourage the move towards app, but the promotion is often made by the customers themselves. Regular Site Checkup Site errors will happen over time as more and more content are added like new images, scripts, and videos, which results in missing links, redirects, and duplicate pages. Therefore, it is recommended the site does a check-up by using fee tools like Screaming Frog. With tools like Pingdom, the websites speed can be measured. Conclusion The success behind Temple and Webster factors different reasons that include its operation, marketing techniques, applications used, and its ease of use. Temple and Webster is an online-only retailer, and its main website is the primary focus of the business operation. Besides selling products, it provides a premium level of customer service via Desk.com, which handles all customer related queries. The company's marketing strategy includes airing advertisements on television and on outdoors, Google Ads and social marketing. The company is currently taking a balanced approach to reach a high revenue growth by breaking even with existing revenue. The company has employed 128-bit SSL encryption for securing transactions and customer data is collected and shared with various partners of the company, but the policy of company states the customer can request access to their shared personal data anytime. The current website is much more user-friendly with different filters, the wide range o f available products, and faster shipping of goods. The IT architecture is composed of seven service frameworks for smooth operation in every aspect of the company's operation. Recommendations are made on regular site check-up using free tools to maintain the website, flash sales to evaluate demand of a product and reduce inventory cost, and developing and app, and app-only exclusives to reach a wider mobile user base and encourage promotion. References CommBank Blog. (2016).Growing Your Business Online: Temple Webster success story. [online] Available at: https://www.commbank.com.au/blog/growing-your-business-online-temple-webster-success-story.html [Accessed 27 Sep. 2016]. Digicert.com. (2016).All about SSL Cryptography | DigiCert.com. [online] Available at: https://www.digicert.com/ssl-cryptography.htm [Accessed 27 Sep. 2016]. Jeston, J. and Nelis, J., 2014.Business process management. Routledge. Mitchell, S. (2016, Mar 16). Temple webster rejigs board after shares dive.The Australian Financial ReviewRetrieved from https://search.proquest.com/docview/1773246545?accountid=30552 Mitchell, S. 2016,Temple Webster loss balloons, Melbourne. Palopoli, L., Rosaci, D. and Sarn, G.M., 2013. A multi-tiered recommender system architecture for supporting e-commerce. InIntelligent Distributed Computing VI(pp. 71-81). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Salesforce.com. (2016).On-trend Temple Webster delivers premium customer service with Salesforce - Salesforce Australia. [online] Available at: https://www.salesforce.com/au/customers/stories/templeandwebster.jsp [Accessed 27 Sep. 2016]. Temple Webster. (2016). [online] Available at: https://templeandwebster.desk.com/customer/en/portal/articles/825933 [Accessed 27 Sep. 2016]. Templeandwebster.com.au. (2016).About | Temple Webster. [online] Available at: https://www.templeandwebster.com.au/customerservice/about.php [Accessed 27 Sep. 2016]. Templeandwebster.com.au. (2016).Furniture Home Decor Search: privacy-policy | Temple Webster. [online] Available at: https://www.templeandwebster.com.au/privacy-policy [Accessed 27 Sep. 2016]. Templeandwebster.com.au. (2016).Furniture Online, Outdoor Furniture, Beds, Lighting, Bar stools, Rugs Temple Webster | Temple Webster. [online] Available at: https://www.templeandwebster.com.au/v/cms/page/display?value=new_look [Accessed 27 Sep. 2016]. Villa-Real, A.E.C., 2014.Customer-controlled instant-response anti-fraud/anti-identity theft devices (with true-personal identity verification), method and systems for secured global applications in personal/business e-banking, e-commerce, e-medical/health insurance checker, e-education/research/invention, e-disaster advisor, e-immigration, e-airport/aircraft security, e-military/e-law enforcement, with or without NFC component and system, with cellular/satellite phone/internet/multi-media functions. U.S. Patent 8,831,677.

The laws of England, Wales, Northern Ireland and Scotland Essay Example

The laws of England, Wales, Northern Ireland and Scotland Essay The laws of England, Wales, Northern Ireland and Scotland when carrying out research are similar but they do vary. For this reason, as both Masson (2004) and Aldersons (2004) papers refer more to laws passed mainly in England and Wales, these will be the laws I will discuss in detail. It should also be noted that what is legal and ethical in research is being continually reviewed and updated. This essay will examine the statement made by Masson (2004) that everything that is legal is not necessarily ethical by showing that ethical requirements go further than what is legally required. It will discuss specific areas of research such as consent, confidentiality and the responsibility held by researchers towards the children and young people involved in their research. I will use examples from research papers by Thorne (2004), Sutton (2004) and Aldgate and Bradley (2004) to illustrate how what is legal is not always necessarily sufficient to fulfil ethical requirements.One important iss ue to consider before beginning research is consent, which is one area where it is without a doubt that all that is legal is certainly not ethical. In order to conduct research with children and young people, it is a legal requirement to gain signed consent, normally through gatekeepers, such as parents, or educational bodies, which have responsibility for childrens welfare until children or young people are of an age or deemed mature enough to give consent themselves. Whether or not the young person is mature enough is based upon the extent to which the child understands all aspects of the research. In Gillick v W Norfolk and Wisbech AHA (1985) in Masson (2004) a child who demonstrated sufficient understanding was permitted to consent to medical treatment against her parents wishes. One further point to consider is that researchers also need to be aware that legally, a gatekeepers role is to allow access for the research to happen, not to give consent for the children to participat e this must be gained from a parent or legal guardian.There are other issues, which may arise when trying to obtain consent, such as the fact that parental responsibility is not automatically given to fathers unless they are married to the childs mother, or where the childs birth is jointly registered. Furthermore, if parents are separated, consent from only one parent is necessary. However to comply only with these requirements would be unethical as ethical guidelines require researchers to consider both parents and in situations where parents are not in agreement, then researchers must comply with the wishes of the parent who provides the day-to-day responsibility for the child. In such cases if the parent who is against the research being carried out is the parent who does not have day-today responsibility, they can legally prevent the research from taking place by going to court. Additionally, when gaining consent, methodological issues have to be considered such as how to esta blish the marital status of the parent, as it would be unethical and possibly offensive to ask this outright. This example shows that what is legal would not be ethical as there are greater requirements to be met ethically.In addition to gaining legal consent, ethical guidelines state that researchers must also get informed consent; Masson (2004) highlights four areas, which a child must understand before doing so. Firstly, the child needs to be able to differentiate between his/her involvement with the researcher and the involvement they have with other adults, such as teachers. The child must also be made aware that the researcher has no power issues or hold over them and Masson suggested that they interact in some rapport building activities in order to establish this. This is an important part of the research (although time consuming) as it will encourage the child to relax and in turn will obviously benefit the research. Secondly, the child must be aware that the data collected in order that the researcher can understand the particular topic being researched better and thirdly, that no one will make decisions about the child based upon the information which they share with the researcher. The final point Masson made was that the child must also understand that the researcher cannot take action that would alter the childs life in any way due to their involvement in the research. It is important that as far as possible, informed consent be given from the participants themselves and without it; the validity of their research may be called into question.One research paper where the legal requirements of research with children and young people were clearly adhered to but where it was obvious that ethical requirements went much further was Aldgate and Bradleys (2004). Legal consent was gained from both parent and social workers but Aldgate and Bradleys took the necessary ethical step obtaining informed consent from the children themselves.This was not the case in Suttons (2004) paper, where although he gained legal consent we can surmise that he failed to get informed consent from the children from the fact he states in the commentary that he asked the teachers not to tell the children why he was present in their class.Similarly, although Thorne (2004) gained legal consent from the school she failed to gain informed consent from the children themselves, which is clear from the fact that during her research, one child asked her if she was recording bad behaviour to report them. These examples show that although both the researchers followed legal requirements, this was not necessarily ethical as they failed to gain informed consent from the children themselves.In Focus clip 4 (EK310 FOCUS II clip 4 The strange situation), Ainsworth studied the attachment bond between a mother and her child during an episode where the mother leaves the child with a stranger and then on her own in a room. Although legal consent would be gained before the mot her and child entered into the experiment, informed consent of the child can obviously not be gained due to the age and lack of competency in the child. In this case, ethically researchers should always make sure to acknowledge signs of assent in the child and halt procedures immediately.One other important legal aspect surrounding research is that of confidentiality, which applies to adults and to children who are mature enough to give consent themselves. However for those children who are too young or lacking in maturity, parents or other gatekeepers legally have the right to the information that has been gained from the child.Carrying out these legal requirements alone is unsatisfactory, as ethical requirements stipulate that researchers must go further by protecting the confidentiality of all participants, even small children. An example of this was evident in Aldgate and Bradleys (2004) paper, where the researchers made the participants aware that information given to them woul d be kept in confidence although they also made it clear that the children were free to discuss anything should they wish to do so with their parents or other gatekeeper. In Audio band 3, (06:28) Masson states that when carrying out individual interviews, for example with family members, it is useful to have separate interviewers so that researchers are honestly unable to repeat information they have received should they be asked.Legal and ethical issues overlap to an extent regarding confidentiality for example when issues of abuse come to light. Today, in the United Kingdom, there is no legal requirement to report abuse, although many local authorities have child protection procedures and professional codes of conduct, which require their employees to do so. Furthermore, if employees fail to report abuse, they run the risk of disciplinary action or having their employment terminated. Ethically, when researchers are seeking informed consent, they must inform participants that confi dentiality has limits in areas such as these. This is one area where all that is legal is ethical when issues of abuse are brought to court; researchers are required legally as well as ethically to divulge this information.One other important aspect of confidentiality where all that is legal is also ethical is that of anonymity. Legally, researchers are required by the Data protection Act to protect the anonymity and identity of the participants. When discussing matters of bullying with teachers, Sutton (2004) was careful to keep confidentiality by raising these issues in general terms without mentioning the children by name. The legal requirements for this aspect of confidentiality also fulfil ethical requirements sufficiently as researchers have an ethical duty to protect the anonymity of their participants, which is important in childrens cases should the school wish to read the post-research report. This can be overcome by using pseudonyms as was seen in Takeis (2001) research w ith young babies and changing place names which Aldgate and Bradley (2004) did in order to protect the identity of the four councils in their research.The final area I shall consider is the researchers responsibility towards the children and young people involved in the research. There are three concepts, which Alderson (2004), highlights as being important for researchers to consider when carrying out research with children respect, rights, and achieving the best outcomes. It is only right that researchers should respect the time children have spent taking part in their research, and in Audio band 3, (15:50) Masson suggested one way to do this to pay them some money. In order for this not to become an incentive however, this should be offered after the research. This raises ethical issues such as the fact there could be a risk that young people might spend this money on alcohol or drugs, and this could be encouraging them to break the law. One useful suggestion made by Alderson (a udio band 3) was to give vouchers as a token of appreciation to overcome this.As well as having the right to be respected, children also have the right to protection. This means that researchers are held accountable for any physical injuries, which the child might sustain in the course of the research. Children also have the right to be protected from harm, and legal checks are in place for this such as the Criminal Bureau Register (CRB) in order to gain access to schools and such likes which researchers should fulfil before carrying out research. In this respect all that is legal is ethical as researchers also have an ethical duty to protect their participants.Due to the nature of their research, Aldgate and Bradley (2004) had to have a Criminal Records Bureau (CRB) check in order to gain access to the children. The ethical requirements in this situation are similar as researchers are also expected to protect participants from harm, which involves amongst other things, taking care when choosing the location and insisting that participants be chaperoned during the process. In audio band 3, (20:02) Olsen suggested interviewing children in a neutral place such as McDonalds where they may feel more free to say what they want, and in addition to protecting the children, it also offers protection for the researcher from accusations of abuse.The above issues should be carefully considered whilst trying to ascertain whether carrying out the research outweighs any harm children might come to either during or as a result of the research this is known as Aldersons (2004) best outcome.These requirements did not seem to be met in Ainsworths research The strange situation shown on Focus clip 4 (EK310 FOCUS II) where the child appears to become distressed, whereupon the researcher should have been legally and ethically bound to stop the experiment. Although of course, the point of this experiment was to examine the distress level itself it must be considered that causing d istress, even for a short period of time, whether the child will remember it or not is unethical. Furthermore, it is likely that similar information could be gained from examining children left in childcare establishments from a young age perhaps whilst mothers were returning to work. One further point with regards to the Strange Situation which shows that all that is legal is not necessarily ethical is that the researcher treated the child as an object, rather than a subject or participant. This shows how the strange situation, although legal was certainly by no means ethical.One other area where the researcher has responsibility is with regards to issues of abuse. Although legally, there is nothing to prevent them from counselling a child, ethically this would be unacceptable. Researchers must be aware that their role is limited to that of researcher and keep in mind that children have the right to the best possible care, which means directing children to professional agencies equ ipped to deal with issues such as this.These issues were considered by Sutton (2004) who was aware of limits in his role of researcher and did not attempt to counsel any children, but rather directed any upset children to a third party who had specific training. However, one dubious aspect revealed in his paper was where he shared his concern that some of the children may have been experiencing repercussions as a result of the research and although not legally he was not required to half the research, ethically he would have been required to do so.By examining issues such as consent, confidentiality and the researchers responsibility towards participants, this essay has shown that all that is legal is not always necessarily ethical as ethics often make further demands of researchers. When conducting research, legally consent has to be gained from one parent only, which is insufficient to fulfil ethical requirements. Furthermore, the ethics that govern researchers state that not only must consent be obtained from the parent, but researchers must extend this and where possible obtain informed consent from the children themselves. However this is not always possible, so researchers must be alert to signs of assent and halt the procedure immediately, which highlights that to simply comply with legal requirements would not be good ethical practice.I also looked at the researchers responsibility towards the child, which again demonstrates that legal requirements do not fulfill what is necessarily ethical. It is not illegal for researchers to counsel distressed children, but it is certainly unethical, as ethically researchers must recognize that their role has limits and that the child has the right to the best possible care. It can be said therefore in conclusion that there are certain situations where all that is legal is not necessarily ethical but one should take into consideration that both laws and ethics in the UK are continually being reviewed and are changin g.

Biography of Mary Parker Follett, Management Theorist

Biography of Mary Parker Follett, Management Theorist Mary Parker Follett (September 3, 1868–December 18, 1933) was an American social theorist known for introducing ideas about human psychology and human relations into industrial management. Her articles and essays had a profound influence on the field of organizational behavior. Modern management theory owes much to her original ideas. Fast Facts: Mary Parker Follett Known For: Follett was a management theorist who incorporated ideas from psychology and human relations into her theories.Born: September 3, 1868 in Quincy, MassachusettsParents: Charles and Elizabeth FollettDied: December 18, 1933 in Boston, MassachusettsEducation: University of Cambridge, Radcliffe CollegePublished Works: The Speaker of the House of Representatives (1896), The New State (1918), Creative Experience (1924), Dynamic Administration: The Collected Papers of Mary Parker Follett (1942) Early Life Mary Parker Follett was born in Quincy, Massachusetts, on September 3, 1868. She studied at the Thayer Academy in Braintree, Massachusetts, where she credited one of her teachers with inspiring many of her later ideas. In 1894, she used her inheritance to study at the Society for Collegiate Instruction of Women, sponsored by Harvard, and later completed a year of study at Newnham College in  Cambridge, England, in 1890. She studied on and off at Radcliffe College as well, starting in the early 1890s. In 1898, Follett graduated summa cum laude from Radcliffe. Her research at Radcliffe was published in 1896 and again in 1909 as The Speaker of the House of Representatives. Career Follett began working in Roxbury as a voluntary social worker in 1900 at the Roxbury Neighborhood House of Boston. Here, she helped organize recreation, education, and social activities for poor families and for working boys and girls. In 1908, Follett became chair of the Womens Municipal League Committee on Extended Use of School Buildings, part of a movement to open schools after hours so that the community could use the buildings for activities. In 1911, she and others opened the East Boston High School Social Center. She also helped found other social centers in Boston. In 1917, Follett took on the vice presidency of the National Community Center Association, and in 1918 she published her book on community, democracy, and government, The New State. Follett published another book, Creative Experience, in 1924, with more of her ideas about the creative interactions that take place between people in group processes. She credited her work in the settlement house movement with many of her insights. She shared a home in Boston for 30 years with Isobel L. Briggs.  In 1926, after Briggs death, Follett moved to England to live and work and to study at Oxford. In 1928, Follett consulted with the League of Nations and with the International Labor Organization in Geneva. She lived in London for a time with Dame Katharine Furse of the Red Cross. In her later years, Follett became a popular writer and lecturer in the business world. She was a lecturer at the London School of Economics in 1933, and she also provided personal advice to President Theodore Roosevelt on organizational management. Management Theories Follett advocated for a human relations emphasis equal to a mechanical or operational emphasis in management. Her work contrasted with the scientific management of Frederick W. Taylor and promoted by Frank and Lillian Gilbreth, which stressed time and motion studies. These approaches did not account for human psychology and the ways in which work demands might be in conflict with personal needs; rather, they treated human activities as machine processes that could be optimized to produce better results. Unlike her contemporaries, Follett stressed the importance of the personal interactions between management and workers. She looked at management and leadership holistically, presaging modern systems approaches; she identified a leader as someone who sees the whole rather than the particular. Follett was one of the first (and for a long time, one of the few) to integrate the idea of organizational conflict into management theory, and is sometimes referred to as the mother of conflict resolution. Follett believed that conflict, rather than presenting a need to compromise, could actually be an opportunity for people to develop innovative solutions that they would not have been able to devise on their own. In this way, she promoted the idea of reciprocity within organizational structures. In a 1924 essay, Power, Follett coined the terms power-over and power-with to differentiate coercive power from participative decision-making, showing how power-with can be greater than power-over. Do we not see now, she observed, that while there are many ways of gaining an external, an arbitrary power- through brute strength, through manipulation, through diplomacy- genuine power is always that which inheres in the situation? Death Mary Parker Follett died in 1933 during a visit to Boston. She was honored widely for her work with the Boston School Centers, including her promotion of after-hours programming for the community. Legacy After Folletts death, her papers and speeches from 1942 were compiled and published in Dynamic Administration, and in 1995 Pauline Graham edited a compilation of her writings in Mary Parker Follett: Prophet of Management. The New State was printed in a new edition in 1998 with helpful additional material. In 1934, Follett was honored by Radcliffe as one of the colleges most distinguished graduates. Her work was mostly forgotten in America, and is still largely neglected in studies of the evolution of management theory, despite the accolades of more recent thinkers like management consultant Peter Drucker, who has called Follett the prophet of management and his guru. Folletts ideas also had a strong influence on psychologists such as Kurt Lewin, who studied group dynamics, and Abraham Maslow, who studied human needs and health. Sources Follett, Mary Parker, et al.  The Essential Mary Parker Follett. Franà §ois Hà ©on, Inc., 2014.Follett, Mary Parker, and Pauline Graham.  Mary Parker Follett: Prophet of Management; a Celebration of Writings from the 1920s. Beard Books, 2003.Follett, Mary Parker., et al.  Dynamic Administration: The Collected Papers of Mary Parker Follett. Taylor Francis Books Ltd., 2003.Tonn, Joan C.  Mary P. Follett: Creating Democracy, Transforming Management. Yale University Press, 2003.

ITIN para pagar impuestos y desgravar sin Seguro Social

ITIN para pagar impuestos y desgravar sin Seguro Social En Estados Unidos, el  ITIN es un nà ºmero de identificacià ³n fiscal. Es utilizado por extranjeros que no son elegibles para obtener un Nà ºmero del Seguro Social  (SSN, por sus siglas en inglà ©s). ITIN significa Nà ºmero de Identificacià ³n de Contribuyente Individual, por su nombre en inglà ©s, y se utiliza con dos fines distintos. En primer lugar, para pagar impuestos por los ingresos obtenidos en Estados Unidos. Las leyes federales establecen la obligacià ³n de pagar impuestos para  toda persona que recibe ingresos en el paà ­s sin que importe su estatus migratorio.     En segundo lugar, el ITIN sirve para identificar a cà ³nyuges e hijos dependientes que no tienen SSN para que las personas que pagan impuestos puedan desgravar por esos familiares. En este artà ­culo se informa sobre los puntos bsicos del ITIN, quià ©nes pueden solicitar ese nà ºmero, cà ³mo se hace, cà ³mo se renueva y para quà © puede ser utilizado y para quà © no.  ¿Quià ©nes pueden solicitarel ITIN? Pueden solicitar el ITIN personas en distintas situaciones. Por ejemplo, los extranjeros que residen habitualmente fuera de Estados Unidos pero que estn obligados presentar sus planillas de impuestos federales. Por ejemplo, inversionistas o empresarios de otros paà ­ses que tienen dinero invertido o un negocio en EE.UU. Otro grupo que puede solicitar el ITIN es el de extranjeros no residentes en Estados Unidos que pueden solicitar un beneficio fiscal al amparo de un tratado internacional. Asimismo, otro grupo que debe solicitar el ITIN es el los estudiantes internacionales que viven en Estados Unidos por un tiempo suficiente para ser considerados como residentes a efectos fiscales. Es muy importante entender que esto no los convierte en residentes a efectos de inmigracià ³n, es decir, no por eso pueden obtener una tarjeta de residencia permanente. Sin embargo, si el IRS considera a un extranjero como residente a efectos de pagar impuestos, pues debe hacerlo. Otro grupo de personas para los que es conveniente tener un ITIN es el conformado por cà ³nyuges e  hijos dependientes de ciudadanos americanos o residentes permanentes legales que no pueden sacar la tarjeta del seguro social. Un ejemplo de esta situacià ³n es el caso de esposos u otros dependientes que viven habitualmente fuera de Estados Unidos. Es conveniente que esas personas tengan un ITIN cada uno porque de esta manera los ciudadanos y los residentes permanentes  pueden desgravar por ellos como dependientes cuando presentan la planilla la planilla de los impuestos. Asimismo, pueden solicitar el ITIN el cà ³nyuge y los hijos dependientes de las personas con una visa temporal. Un caso muy tà ­pico es el de la visa H-1B para profesionales y modelos que permite a cierto grupo de extranjeros trabajar en EEUU y estar acompaà ±ados en el paà ­s por su familia inmediata, pero estos no pueden trabajar ni obtener un SSN.  El camino para obtener posibles beneficios fiscales desgravando por dependientes a la hora de declarar ingresos es identificando con un ITIN a dichos dependientes. El ITIN es muy frecuentemente solicitado por los migrantes indocumentados. La razà ³n es que por ley estn obligados a pagar impuestos por sus ingresos en Estados Unidos, aunque no tienen permiso para trabajar legalmente.   Algunos migrantes sienten miedo porque temen que el ITIN puede ser utilizado por las autoridades migratorias para localizarlos pero esto no es asà ­. Segà ºn la Seccià ³n 6103 del Cà ³digo del IRS, las autoridades fiscales no estn autorizadas a proveer informacià ³n sobre quià ©n paga impuestos a ninguna otra agencia del gobierno.   Hay dos excepciones a esa regla. En primer lugar, cuando el Departamento de Tesoro investiga un posible fraude fiscal y, en segundo lugar, cuando existe una orden judicial para que el IRS revele esos datos porque se est realizando una investigacià ³n. Finalmente, tambià ©n pueden solicitar el ITIN personas en estatus migratorio legal pero que no pueden solicitar, por el momento, un SSN como, por ejemplo, algunas và ­ctimas de violencia domà ©stica. Informacià ³n bsica del ITIN El ITIN se creo en 1996 y es un nà ºmero compuesto por nueve dà ­gitos. Siempre comienza por el nà ºmero 9 y en el cuarto lugar aparece el nà ºmero 7 o el 8. En la actualidad, el ITIN tiene una validez de cinco aà ±os. Segà ºn datos del IRS, cada aà ±o fiscal ms de cuatro millones de personas utilizan el ITIN para presentar su planilla de impuestos, conocida en EE.UU. como tax returns pagando casi 14 mil millones de dà ³lares. Segà ºn datos del centro de estudios Taxation and Economic Policy, ubicado en Washington D.C. aproximadamente el 50 por ciento de los indocumentados en EE.UU. paga tax returns utilizando un ITIN.  ¿Cà ³mo se solicita el ITIN por primera vez? El ITIN se puede solicitar  por correo enviando la solicitud utilizando la planilla W7. Adems, debe incluirse la planilla de impuestos y  documentos originales o certificados por la autoridad que los emite y  que prueben su identidad y su condicià ³n de extranjero.  Si se envà ­an documentos originales, estos sern devueltos en 60 dà ­as desde que se recibià ³ la solicitud. La direccià ³n a la que enviar la solicitud  desde EE.UU. o desde otro paà ­s e: Internal Revenue ServiceAustin Service CenterITIN OperationP.O. Box 149342Austin, TX 78714-9342 Pero una forma ms fcil y conveniente de solicitar el ITIN cerrando una cita con  un agente autorizado  algunos de los cuales estn ubicados fuera de los Estados Unidos (Acceptance Agent) o visitando un  Centro de Asistencia al Contribuyente  (TACs, por sus siglas en inglà ©s), donde una persona especializada podr ayudar  en este proceso y  verificar la autenticidad de los documentos.   Si necesita ayuda especà ­fica para su caso para solicitar el ITIN, adems de poder acudir a los TACs  se puede marcar al 1-800-829-1040. Documentos admisibles para acompaà ±ar la solicitud del ITIN Para solicitar el ITIN debe probarse la identidad del solicitante y su carcter de extranjero. Se admiten 13 documentos entre los que se encuentran: pasaporte, cà ©dula de identificacià ³n, licencia de manejar de EEUU o del paà ­s de origen, partida oficial de nacimiento para menores de 18 aà ±os, ID card de un estado estadounidense, visa, tarjeta militar americana o extranjera o la tarjeta de votante extranjero. Para que cualquiera de estos documentos sea admisible es necesario  presentar el original o copia certificada por la entidad que los emite. Otra opcià ³n es verificarlos en un TACs o con un Acceptance Agent. Adems, no pueden estar expirados  y que en ellos debe aparecer  claramente el nombre del solicitante,  una foto del mismo y deben servir como prueba de su carcter de extranjero. Cunto tiempo se demoraen procesarse el ITIN En general, se recibir el nà ºmero de identificacià ³n fiscal dentro de las seis semanas siguientes a haber formulado la peticià ³n, siempre y cuando la aplicacià ³n està © completa y no falte ningà ºn documento. Si no se recibe contestacià ³n en ese plazo de tiempo se puede llamar gratuitamente al telà ©fono seà ±alado anteriormente para averiguar sobre el estado del trmite. Expiracià ³n del ITIN y su renovacià ³n En la actualidad, todos los ITIN son vlidos solamente por cinco aà ±os. Se renuevan de la misma forma que se solicitan por primera vez. La à ºnica diferencia es que al renovar no hay que presentar un tax return. Adems, cabe destacar que si el ITIN pierde validez automticamente si no se utiliza por tres aà ±os consecutivos.   Si se presenta un tax returns con el ITIN caducado, la declaracià ³n de impuestos se va a tramitar pero no se tendrn en cuenta exenciones o crà ©ditos solicitados ni tampoco se devolver dinero al contribuyente al que le corresponderà ­a mientras no se presente un ITIN vlido.    ¿Para quà © puede utilizarse el ITIN y para quà © no? A pesar de ser un nà ºmero  emitido oficialmente por una agencia del Departamento del Tesoro de los Estados Unidos, el ITIN no puede utilizarse como identificacià ³n ni, en ningà ºn caso, como un sustituto del nà ºmero social.  Ã‚   Nunca jams el ITIN prueba de que se est autorizado para trabajar. No es uno de los documentos admitidos en la planilla I-9  que se completan al comenzar a trabajar en una empresa. Adems, si la compaà ±Ãƒ ­a utiliza el sistema e-verify, serà ­a evidente que no se tiene permiso para trabajar. El pago de impuestos con un ITIN no da derecho a solicitar el crà ©dito fiscal que se conoce como Earned Income Tax Credit  (EITC, por sus siglas en inglà ©s), y que es el ms solicitado por las familias trabajadores de bajos ingresos. Tampoco se puede obtener beneficios del sistema del seguro social ni de Medicare, a pesar de haber contribuido con los impuestos a esos fondos. El ITIN se utiliza para pagar impuestos, porque es una obligacià ³n que establece la ley. Tambià ©n se usa porque brinda algunos beneficios. Por ejemplo, las personas que pagan impuestos con un ITIN pueden solicitar un Child Tax Credit por sus hijos dependientes, con un mximo de $2.000 por menor. Sin embargo en la actualidad se requiere que dichos dependientes tengan un nà ºmero del seguro social propio. Adems, cuando un migrante cambia de estatus migratorio, el pago de impuestos con ITIN podrà ­a servir para probar aà ±os de residencia en el paà ­s. Asimismo, podrà ­a dar derecho a contabilizar los pagos ya hechos a Medicare y al sistema del seguro social una vez que ya tiene un nà ºmero social.  Este punto, debido a su carcter delicado, es aconsejable consultarlo con un abogado. Tambià ©n da derecho el ITIN a poder abrir una cuenta de banco que genera interà ©s. Finalmente, algunos estados listan el ITIN como uno de los documentos que puede presentarse para probar identidad a la hora de solicitar una licencia de manejar o un I.D. de identificacià ³n. Puntos Bsicos: El ITIN y su utilizacià ³n El ITIN es un nà ºmero de identificacià ³n fiscal que emite el IRS, una agencia del Departamento del Tesoro de Estados Unidos.Pueden solicitarlo las personas que no tienen derecho a un Nà ºmero del Seguro Social pero tienen que pagar impuestos en EE.UU. o pueden ser personas dependientes de otras por las que se desgrava, y es que el fin del ITIN es pagar impuestos y para desgravar, aunque algunas desgravaciones no aplican con el ITIN.No es una identificacià ³n, no da permiso para trabajar legalmente en EE.UU ni tampoco sirve para probar o ganar estatus migratorio alguno.En la actualidad, el ITIN es vlido por cinco aà ±os, despuà ©s debe renovarse. Adems, caduca si no se utiliza por tres aà ±os consecutivos. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

Benefits and Disadvantages of Fast Food Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Benefits and Disadvantages of Fast Food - Essay Example Further, fast food is beneficial in terms of bridging the gap created by a constantly changing food culture. In the world today, busy schedules for people have contributed to the issue of food being of less importance in individual’s daily interactions. The fast foods bridge the gap by enabling interactions while eating at the fast food joints (Ellen and Spur 2004, p.65). More companies are shifting into the business of fast food products because of the convenience and the ever increasing number of working class population with limited time to prepare homemade food. In addition, according to BIS Shrapnel(2003) more companies have increased their advertisements related to offering customers with more convenient and quicker way of eating without consuming time and money as highlighted in figure 1(appendix). Conversely, fast food contributes to a number of health problems or conditions that include heart disease, type 2 diabetes and obesity. This type of food is unhealthy as a re sult of containing high cholesterol, fats and calories which, has been identified as the main risk factor contributing to obesity. In a country such as Korea for example, the high prevalence rate for obesity is as a result of consuming fast foods (Bryant and Dundes, 2008, p.328). On the other hand, in a country like Australia, more individuals are critical on the idea of consuming fast-food as evident from the public outburst in regard to the cricket team being sponsored by a fast-food company (Bellisle et al 2004, p.178). The negative of fast effects related to fast food and health, has led to a number of research on health conditions like obesity and consuming fast foods. According to Bellisle et al. (2004, p.180), the increased number of fast food locations and in... This paper approves that , fast food is beneficial in terms of bridging the gap created by a constantly changing food culture. In the world today, busy schedules for people have contributed to the issue of food being of less importance in individual’s daily interactions. The fast foods bridge the gap by enabling interactions while eating at the fast food joints. More companies are shifting into the business of fast food products because of the convenience and the ever increasing number of working class population with limited time to prepare homemade food. Conversely, fast food contributes to a number of health problems or conditions that include heart disease, type 2 diabetes and obesity. This type of food is unhealthy as a result of containing high cholesterol, fats and calories which, has been identified as the main risk factor contributing to obesity. This essay makes a conclusion that eating patterns across the world continues to change with more people being attracted to fast food because of its convenience. However, individuals while consuming fast food needs to consider serious health issues related to the consumption of fast food currently identified as a major contributor to obesity. On the other hand, fast food companies need to provide their customers with healthier options or choices for fast food products. While fast food is beneficial to customers in terms of providing a quicker means of eating, consumers need to adopt a moderate habit in terms of consuming fast foods.

Financial Econometrics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Financial Econometrics - Assignment Example Thus, the series has a significant autocorrelations across the years. However, compared to other years, lag 1, 5, 11 and 31 have larger partial autocorrelations. The above plot represents the difference in log of real personal disposable income. This data shows a stationary trend whereby the data points assume a straight line. Moreover, the graph shows that the data have a constant mean and variance. This implies that the first difference of the series achieves stationarity. The above graph represents the autocorrelations of DLrpdi series whereby all the years show significance autocorrelations. However, compared to other years, year 4 and year 10 have larger autocorrelations due to large variations. The above graph is a representation of the log of real personal consumption data over time. This series shows an upward trend. This implies that this variable has an upward trend across the years. This data is non-stationary since it is increasing with the change of time. The graph above shows autocorrelation of Lrc. ACF is significant across the years. At lag 1 it is quite high and it has a decreasing uniform trend across the years; implying that the data is not stationary. The above graph represents the partial autocorrelation of Lrc series whereby all the years show significance autocorrelations. However, compared to other years, year1, year 3 and year 4 have larger autocorrelations due to large variations. The above plot represents the difference in log of real personal consumption. This data shows a stationary trend whereby the data points assume a straight line. Moreover, the graph shows that the data has a constant mean and variance. This implies that the first difference of the series achieve stationarity. Therefore, since the p-values at lag 0 and lag 1 is less than 0.05 in the above tests, we fail to accept the null hypothesis which states that the difference in the Lrpdi and Lrc show a unit root; the difference does

Determining the Rate of Osmosis with Water and Sucrose Essay Example for Free

Determining the Rate of Osmosis with Water and Sucrose Essay Determining the Rate of Osmosis with Water and Sucrose 10/3/2012 Determining the Rate of Osmosis with Water and Sucrose Author: Results: Bag 1 had a rate of osmosis equal to 0. 01 grams per minute. Bag 2 had a rate of osmosis equal to 0. 0543 grams per minute. Bag 3 had a rate of osmosis equal to 0. 0471 grams per minute. Bag 4 had a rate of osmosis equal to 0. 0886 grams per minute. Bag 5 had a rate of osmosis equal to -0. 0914 grams per minute (Figure A). Figure A: Shifting of mass in grams for each dialysis bag was measured every 5 minutes for 30 minutes. Data follows expectations of hypothesis on the basis that H2O will move from an area of high concentration to low concentration. Also, the rate of which it would move depending on concentration. The higher the concentration of sucrose inside of the dialysis bag, the faster the rate of water will travel into the bag. The rate of osmosis increases as the concentration of sucrose inside the bag is higher. Correspondingly, with bag 5, the water inside the dialysis bag would travel once again to a place of lower water concentration, the sucrose in the beaker. This is so because sucrose has a low concentration of water. Therefore, the water will travel from high to low concentration. The sucrose in bags 2, 3, and 4 are hypertonic to the water inside the beaker. Adversely, the water inside the beaker is hypotonic to the sucrose inside the bag. Another example to this would be swimming in the ocean (salt water) where the ocean’s water is hypertonic (lower water concentration) and the human body is hypotonic (higher water concentration), causing the water inside the human body to move from its high concentration to the ocean’s low concentration. Bag 1 represents an isotonic solution, where the water concentration inside the bag is close or equal to the concentration of water outside the bag. Another example of isotonic is 0. 9% NaCl, an I. V. olution, is isotonic to humans. This study interprets the importance of osmosis in daily biology as it can be detrimental to living cells and simultaneously profitable. For instance, plants need to be hypertonic to their hypotonic surroundings. If the solution outside the membrane has a lower concentration of solutes than the interior has, water will move into the vesicle via osmosis (Freeman p. g 91). Water travels into their cells, causing their cell to swell so that the ir stems may stand up straight.

Shakespearian tragedy :: essays research papers

By Shakespeare ¡Ã‚ ¦s time, the characteristics of tragedy in drama had been redefined. In the plays of the early Greeks, the tragic hero was a noble man who rose to the heights of success only to be plummeted to defeat and despair by his own tragic flaw, or hamartia. The plot structure in these early tragedies was relatively straightforward; the motive of the dramatist was to elicit pity and terror from the audience through empathy with the tragic hero. What once had been a relatively simple form was gradually altered by playwrights to allow for more depth in characterization, more flexibility in plot structure, and the element of comic relief. Hamlet ¡Ã‚ ¦s situation, for example, is considered a tragic one although it differs from the relatively simple plots found in the earlier Greek tragedies. He is a nobleman, revered by his countrymen, who strives to alter the world around him. Ultimately, he must forfeit his own life to see justice done. The plot that unfolds in Shakespeare ¡Ã‚ ¦s drama includes politics, murder, and domestic strife, but still evokes pity and terror in the audience, precisely as intended by the early tragedians. Students can analyze the elements of tragedy in Hamlet, comparing and contrasting Prince Hamlet ¡Ã‚ ¦s plight with that of tragic heroes in Greek tragedies and in modern tragedies. Suggested modern tragedies for such a comparison include Death of a Salesman, by Arthur Miller, and Mourning Becomes Electra, by Eugene O ¡Ã‚ ¦Neill. The play takes play in Denmark. Young Prince Hamlet has found out that his father Old King Hamlet had been killed by his uncle Claudius, who had taken the throne. The wraith of his dead father pleads for him to revenge his  ¡Ã‚ §death most foul. ¡Ã‚ ¨ Hamlet under great pressure and stress becomes, or acts insane.

Expository Paragraph Essay

Time travel which everybody thinks scientists will make it happen someday would give us a lot of informations about past if it’s exist. First of al lif time travel is really exist I would definetely g oto the era which dinosaurs lived and ruled the World so that I would be able to see how they lived and maybe contact one or two of them if they are small enough for me to handle. For example Hypsilophodon which is a name of a dinosaur that is so small that it’s not even trying to eat meat or another dinosaur. On the other hand there is T-Rex which means â€Å"Tyrant Lizard King† was the most fearful dinosaur in the World. Secondly I would be glad to go and see if humans we evolved or it is just a theory. For instance people seperated in two about this some say we evolved in time and others say we were like this even in the very begennig of the human race spesifically Charles Darwin has made some researches about this and eventually came up with this theory. After those two for the third time I would go to end of the 15. Century so I could try to meet Leonardo Da Vinci and ask him about his studies, paintings and Works. Like â€Å"Mona Lisa† everybody is curous about her smile and eyebrows another thing the society wonders is how dd he find so much time to search so much thing. To sum up if I could use a power that can help me travel in time I would do it to understand and answer some questions which scientists and people research into for many years.

Cat’s Cradle Essay

As â€Å"Papa† Monzano dies, he tells Jonah that Bokonon â€Å"teaches people lies and lies and lies,† and then asks Jonah to â€Å"kill him and teach the people the truth. † Papa says the truth is science. Shows ridiculousness of jumping from one form of comfort, religion, to another, science, without careful consideration. – Irresponsibility of the scientists: Felix Hoenikker says â€Å"Why should I bother with made-up games when there are so many real ones going on? † He never understands that the games he is playing will have a disastrous effect on the human race. After Felix Hoenikker wins noble peace prize, he says he is â€Å"still playing† -> treats science like a game, doesn’t take it srsly. Religion – Jonah says to Mona â€Å"could I have your religion, if I wanted it? † -> religion is so easy to take up – Newt compares religion to the cat’s cradle. See the cat? See the cradle? † Bokono nism is a religion of â€Å"shameless lies. Monzano attempts to create a utopia, but just like in today’s society, he makes promises to his people, and then fails to fulfill them. But he allows the best for himself and his staff, while his people struggle. – Frank Hoenikker gave his ice-nine to â€Å"Papa† Monzano in return for a position in government -;gt; corrupt, irresponsible, only use 4 personal gain w/out thinking of consequences – Horlick Minton’s speech attacked patriotism as an irrational denial of the senselessness of wartime slaughter. Irony -> The Hundred Martyrs were sent to their pointless deaths in the name of â€Å"democracy† by a dictatorship. Love – Jonah says Mona can â€Å"make me far happier than any woman had so far succeeded in doing. † Yet, we find later that Jonah does not really love her once he knows he can have her and that she will not give up her ways for him. – Angela uses her ice-nine to get herself a beautiful husband who treats her poorly and gives the ice-nine to the American government.

Studying Abroad Just Go For It! [Interview]

Studying Abroad Just Go For It! [Interview] Have you thought of studying abroad? Probably, yes. However, most likely you are not sitting right now at your laptop in some European country reading this post. That means you are not using your opportunities to spend a semester at some country youve never visited, to learn about their culture and their education. Why are you still in doubt? Probably there are some questions on studying abroad which still bother you and keep you from applying for the program. We decided to help you with that and interview a student who already used her studying abroad opportunity. Judy Su is one of the applicants of Danish Institute for Study Abroad program. She has recently got back home from Copenhagen, where she studied graphic design. She kindly agreed to answer several questions about her time spent in Denmark and share her impressions about the experience she had. We started from the most basic question: How did you decide to apply for studying abroad? I go to the University of Michigan, where study abroad is required for Art Design students. I decided to apply to the Danish Institute for Study Abroad because Ive always admired Scandinavian design, and because my University has a good relationship with theirs. So, making a decision was not a problem for you. What about the application? Is the study abroad application process competitive? To my knowledge it wasnt too competitive given our schools requirement, but the application did include questions about my GPA and required a transcript. Next step after the application is preparation for the trip. A bit of packing advice from Judy: Less clothes, only pictures (no souvenirs) from home, less art supplies. So, your trip started and you arived in Copenhagen. What were the barriers youve faced at first? Obviously, the language. I was lucky that in Copenhagen, nearly everyone speaks English very well. Despite that, all the signs that appear on the streets, public transportation, and in grocery stores (among many other places) are entirely in Danish, so I had to piece things together the best I could. What about other cultural differences youve noticed? It appears that mainly the small things you dont really think about are the most interesting cultural differences. For example, there were bicycles everywhere. It was interesting to get used to looking out for bikes more so than for cars when crossing the street. Another interesting difference is that Danes will almost always wait to cross the street until the walk signal is displayed. Jaywalking results in a lot of glares from those waiting. Lets talk a bit about your studies. What subjects have you studied? Visual Journal, Photojournalism, European Art of the 20th Century, and Graphic Design Studio as my core course. What were the most interesting tasks/projects? In my Graphic Design studio, we were designing an identity for Copenhagen Harbor Farming. For my Photojournalism project, I had an assignment to photograph someone Danish for the semester. We also went for field trips for European Art and Graphic Design. For European Art, we went to Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek to look at their Gauguin collection. Did you get writing assignments while studying in Denmark? What kind of them? Besides being an official blogger for the school, I also did some writing for classes. They were pretty standard papers; I took an art history class, so the majority were for that class. Do they have strict plagiarism policy in college? Does it differ from US plagiarism policies? Yes, but my school was a school specifically for study abroad students, so they followed standard US plagiarism policies. I cant imagine plagiarism rules would be any different in other countries. Youve posted weekly plans in your blog. Did they help you manage your time? The weekly goals were more for me to make the most of my time while I was abroad. I wanted to make sure I didnt miss out on anything that I wanted to see, because I didnt know when I would ever be back. What helped you make your studying more effective? I always found it difficult to get things done in my room (I was sharing my room with two other girls), so I would go to the school and finish work up there. By the way, Judy described her accomodation at Copenhagen on her blog. (quote) The three of us share a bedroom. There are also two bathrooms in my hall. There are people on the floor who have singles too, and all of us have keys to our individual rooms. My building is much more apartment style, so you are living independently†¦ Keep in mind though, there are some DRCs that are more dorm style. Some of the building rules can be a challenge to get used to, especially if you’re used to living in a house or off-campus. In a DRC, you will have an RA, and you will have to follow rules regarding quiet hours, chore rotations, and guests. Would the experience of studying abroad be relevant for your future profession? In what way? Oh, absolutely! I studied graphic design as my core course, and learning about it through an international lens is such a valuable experience. It makes you much more aware of the background and perceptions of your work, and Im glad I was able to learn it this way. In addition, I was just exposed to so much thats different from what I used to see in the States. That definitely helped for drawing inspiration. On her return home in Michigan, US, Judy wrote on her blog: Things here seem kind of like they always have, and it’s only the little things that remind me my semester in Copenhagen wasn’t just a dream. So, we decided to ask Judy: How would you describe your Copenhagen time in just one sentence? Going abroad was one of the most exciting and eye-opening experiences Ive ever had. As a final question, please, give some advice for all the students who are considering to study abroad. Just go for it! I have never heard of anyone who regretted going abroad. Once youre there, make sure you make the most of your time. Studying abroad is such a great opportunity, and you wont want to miss a thing! Thanks, Judy Su, for such an inspirational advice and interesting interview! Hopefully, the thoughts of this cheerful design student will change minds of our readers and help them make the right decision on studying abroad.

Audit for Ethical Professional Board- Free Samples to Students

APES deals with Code of ethics with professional accountants 1.Ernie Dengate have sold his accounting practice which consists of bookkeeping ,taxation and auditing. With the permissio he released all the working papers. But for others he was unable to take the permission. Jago took over all the working papers who bought the practice. An Existing Auditor   is bound by confidentiality. Whether that Associate is permitted or required to deliberate the businesses of a client with a future accountant will be contingent on the nature of the appointment and on: (a) Whether the client‘s authorization is taken ; or (b) The legal or ethical supplies relating to such communications and revelation, which may differ by authority. Thus he cannot transfer all working papers without permissions. (Accounting professional& Ethical professional Board , 2017). He will be liable under 210 Section.   2.Fred Nark an accountant provides services of tax and management advisoory services and also at the same time does audit for the same clients. Any auditr who is providing consultancy services or any type of services cannot audit for the same. It is simple the maker cannot be the checker. The auditor is liable of professional misconduct .Thus he will liable under Section 290. Accounting professional& Ethical professional Board (2017).AASB 110 [online] Available at: https://www.apesb.org.au/uploads/standards/apesb_standards/standard1.pdf [Accessed   9 th April. 2017].[1] amount of the effecamot in future periods is not disclosed because estimating it is impracticable, an entity shall disclose that fact if the amount of the effect in future periods is not disclosed because estimating it is impracticable, an entity shall disclose that fact mount of the effect in future periods is not disclosed because estimating it is impracticable, an entity shall disclose that fact However, to the extent that a change in an accounting estimate gives rise to changes in assets and liabilities However, to the extent that a change in an accounting estimate gives rise to changes in assets and liabilities ever, to the extent that a change in an accounting estimate gives rise to changes in assets and liabilities

LBST Assignment 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

LBST Assignment 3 - Essay Example stant faith the head authority is the individual, in orthodox Christianity this authority has been given to the seven ecumenical councils of their church. In other Christian groups, the scriptures are the main guidelines of faith but in the Eastern Church the writings of Greek fathers such as John Chrysostom, and St. Basil the Great are relied on heavily for teachings and some of their faith confessions of the 17th century are seen to have only historical significance (ReligionFacts, 2004). The Eastern churches place their emphasis on an individual’s experience with the truth and was able to produce a lot of what would be considered significant theological and philosophical thought in the first millennium and this is in contrast with the Western churches. Sin is viewed as the cause of the blurring of the human state from being in the image of God to being less human and ends in death according to the Eastern Church. In their opinion, salvation was set to reestablish mans relationship with God and reunite humans with the divine and not as a legal pardon as is the belief with the Western churches. These maintain the belief that human beings had freedom which they abused in the form of sin and it was taken away accompanied by a punishment and this is where grace and the forgiveness of sin through the and salvation comes in. The churches differ in their opinions of the trinity. The Eastern Church delves more into the preexistent and divine nature of Christ contrary to the Western Churches that delve more into the human nature of Christ. The difference in their views of the Holy Spirit led to the 11th century split due to the addition of the word filioque that was supposed to elaborate the divinity of the Son (ReligionFacts, 2004). The Eastern Church holds the belief that the spirit and the son have their origin from the father but the addition implies that the spirit proceeds from the father. The churches do not disagree on all religious view points. Both churches